Make your home earthquake proof

The following points should be kept in mind during construction of building for the protection against ‘Earth Quake’.

1. Building should be square or compact rectangular.

2. Normally the ratio of length and breadth should not exceed 3 to 1.

3. Building should be in closed shape or nearly so. It is preferred to construct the building in U or L shape.

4. The parts of the building should be tied together firmly and braced at corners stiffly in such a way that the whole structure tends to move as single unit.

5. If possible projecting parts should be avoided. Parapets, cornices, cantilevers’ projection should be reinforced and tied to the main structure firmly.

6. The height of parapet wall should be three times less than the thickness. If the height is more, it should be reinforced with steel rods and should be fixed with roof slab or bottom wall.

7. The structure should be made as light as possible because the force of earth quake is a function of the mass.

8. Particularly, the roof and upper stories of building should be designed as light as possible.

9. The thickness of any load bearing wall should not be less than 23 CM.

10. Do not build the structure above 3 storeys and the height of one storey should not exceed 3 meters.

11. The height of masonry wall should not exceed 1.5 times to the total width of building at its base. The total height of load bearing wall should not exceed 12 meters.

12. Unsupported walls of more than 5 meters in length should be stiffened by brick or concrete pillars.

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What is recommended size and shape of building for the protection in earthquake prone areas?

All parts of a building should firmly be tied together and stiffly braced at corners in such a manner that the whole structure will tend to move as a unit.

Which type of building materials and construction practices are <br> recommended for protection against earthquake?

RCC : It is defined as reinforced cement concrete. Steel: It is an metal alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction.

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What is vertical reinforcement at critical points?

Vertical reinforcement is required in all buildings in seismic zones V and three story (or more) buildings in zone IV also.The critical points where vertical steel bars are required through the masonry are following:

Which type of soil and foundation is recommended for protection of building in earth quake zones?

.Loose fine sand, soft silt, black cotton soil and expensive clays should be avoided for foundation. If unavoidable the building shall rest either on a rigid raft foundation.

What is the specification of RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) band?

The RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) band is as wide as the thickness of wall and 75 mm to 100 mm thick and constructed using M 15(1:2:4) cement concrete

What is recommended method for opening in load bearing masonry walls?

.Vertical clear distance between openings should be less than 60cms. .Horizontal clear distance between openings should be less than ½ x height of the shorter openings subject to minimum of 450 mm.

Which are recommended factors for the safety of building in earthquake prone areas?

.Seismic (Earthquake affected) zone in which the building is located. .Type of the soil over which the building is situated. Black cotton soil and expensive clays should be avoided for foundation.

How does earth quake affect the building?

The outer shell of the earth called lithosphere is broken into plates which are in constant motion, moving at about the same speed that fingernail grows.

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