Damp Proofing
Dampness in building or house may cause most of the damage to the components of the building or house. Dampness often leads to the growth of molds, mites and bacteria that creates an unhealthy environment and causes health problems. Dampness gradually impairs the affected part of the building, so this problem should be attended as soon as possible. There are many methods or treatment used to protect the house from dampness. Damp proofing with the help of chemicals are as under.
Damp Proofing-Chemical Treatment
1) Instant leak plugging Compounds
| S.No | Name of compounds | Name of Manufacturer | Nature of Compound | Uses |
| 1 | PIDIPATCH 103 | M/s Pidlite | A quick setting cement that solidfies immediately on contact with water. | Ideal for instantaneous sealing of leaks, surface dampness, water penetration and seepage points. |
| 2 | Rendroc Plug | M/s Forsoc | Rapid setting mortar prepacked dry powder only water addition is required. | Instant repair mortar for running water leak. |
| 3 | Techaqua | M/s Choksey | Two component epoxy compound | Underwater repairs on concrete sturctures can be used for stopping active leaks in basement pits, underground tunnels, bridges, dams etc. |
2) Some Flexible Sealants (To seal gaps, joints, cracks etc. which exibit movement)
| S.No | Name of Coating | Name of Manufacturer | Nature of Compound | Uses |
| 1 | Crackseal | M/s Chemisol Agencies | One component white sealing compound on an acrylic base which hardens to plastic elastic putty with high elasticity. surface to be wet before applying. | For filling cracksjoints and gaps of windows, doors, concrete slab, masonary surface glass, tiles, pipes, A.C, G.I sheet, wash basin. Highly elastic end ductile in wide temrature variation. Does not shrink, crack or crumble. Paint can be applied over it. |
| 2. | Techmast | M/s Choksey Chemicals | One component butyl rubber based sealalnt. Should be applied on absolutely dry surface. Movement accomodation 15% of total joint width. |
Sealing of cracks in buildings, roof, terraces, walls and concrete water tank. Sealing of joints in pipes, aluminum ducting to prevent leakage and small joints between window and door frames and surrounding bricks, concrete, stone work etc. |
| 3. | Techseal ( Polysulphide based sealants) | M/s Choksey Chemicals | Two components polysulphide based sealants i.e one component is liquid and second is accelerator containing a chemical curing agent. After mixing it forms a strong rubber like sustance which is highly elastic, flexible and has out standing resistance to weathering chemicals and excellent adhesion to all building materials. | Used where movement of joint is more and joint is subjected to high wear and tear and more resistance to weathering chemicals is required i.e expansion joints in water retaining structures, dams, canals etc. Joints in basement retaining wall, joints in bridges, roads, car parks, joints in industrial/ heavy duty floor. |
| 4. | Chemistic rubberized joint filler | M/s Chemisol Agencies | Single component black color sealent | For filling cracksjoints and gaps of windows, doors, concrete slab, masonary surface glass, tiles, pipes, A.C, G.I sheet, wash basin. Highly elastic end ductile in wide temrature variation. Does not shrink, crack or crumble. Paint can be applied over it. |
| 5. | Pidiseal-PS | M/s Pidlite | Two part polysulphide sealant available in two variety-gungrade and pouring grade. | Sealing movement joints in all types of construction ( especially use for expansion joints). |
| 6. | Rhodorsil 3B RTV Silicon Sealant | M/s Pidlite | One component silicone sealant | Sealing joints, gaps, cracks, (movement accomodation ± 35% of joint width). |
3) Rigid Sealants ( To fill holes/ gaps/ joints / cracks which do not exhibit movements)
| S.No | Name of Sealant | Name of Manufacturer | Nature of Compound | Uses |
| 1. | Polyseal | M/s Greenboro | Two Component apoxy putty | For filling or sealing cracks, gaps, holes, joints in wood, concrete, metals and ceramic( where there is no movement of joints. Should not be used for very hot areas.) |
| 2. | M-seal | M/s. MECP (Mahindra Engineering and Chemical Product Ltd.) | Two Componenets ( Resin and Hardner) apoxy putty | For filling or sealing cracks, gaps, holes, joints in wood, concrete, metals and ceramic( where there is no movement of joints. Should not be used for very hot areas.) |
| 3. | Metal putty or NC putty | M/s Balsons Paint | Single component, hardens in 2-3 hours. | For filling holes in steelwork, finishing of weld etc. |
| 4. | Feviseal | M/s Pidilite | 2 component apoxy putty. Sets hard within 20 minutes. Final curing strength achieved in 4 Hrs. | For filling or sealing cracks, gaps, holes, joints in wood, concrete, metals and ceramic( where there is no movement of joints. Should not be used for very hot areas.) |
| 5. | Glazing Putty | Local Makes | Made by mixing one part of white lead with three parts of whiting and then adding boiled linseed oil. | Normally used for securing glass panes in rash. But can also be used for filling gaps, holes, joints cracks etc. inside the building which are stationary in nature. |
4) Coatings which can be done over damp sealings and damp walls to prevent seepage.
| S.No. | Name of Coating | Name of Manufacturer | Nature of Compound | Uses |
| 1 | Techoxy | M/s Chocksey Chemicals | Water thinable apoxy( can be applied on damp surfaces also. No primer needed) can be over coated with enamel paint with excellent adhesion. | Water proofing of tanks inside, interior walls, interior ceiling coverage. |
| 2 | Chemistic Damp Proofer | M/s Chemisol Agencies | Single component can be applied on damp surfaces. White color. Stainer can be mixed to give required color. Primer not needed. Painting if requirded can be done directly over it. | Damp proofing of toilets, interior walls, basements, underground tanks. It is especially useful at interior loctaions where seepage is already occuring. |
Dampness causes most of the damage to the contents of the building. It often leads to the growth of molds and bacteria and creates an unhealthy environment for those who occupy it. Dampness gradually impairs the affected part of the building so this problem should be attended as soon as possible.
Brick and masonry absorb water so they must be sealed off, away from moisture and moisture-bearing substances like soil. If it does not occur, the water will rise in the walls causing dampness.
Cement plaster 1:3 with two coats of hot bitumene when laid @ 1.7 kg per sqr meter or cement plaster 1:3 with bitumen
The foundation of all structures are embedded into the soil. Bricks being porous or brick masonry below ground level can absorb moisture from adjacent ground.
For residential buildings DPC consists of a layer of - 40 mm thick cement concrete 1:2:4 (1 cement: 2 Coarse sand: 4 graded stone aggregate 12.5 mm nominal size ).
For residential buildings DPC consists of a layer of-
The following table expresses the type of coating recommended for the protection of Dampness:
The density of masonry bricks used must be greater than 1200 kg/m³.
REPLASTERING: The most common method is to scale the affected damp plaster back to the brickwork and replaster the affected area with a waterproof plaster or cement mixture.
The water proofing membrane is laid out on top of the existing floor surface. It will act as a barrier against dampness.
.Dampness in buildings is a concern because it often leads to the growth of molds and bacteria
The following brands of chemical are used for the protection of dampness from building:
A damp building is unhealthy to those who occupy it, dampness in building is a concern because it often leads to the growth of molds and bacteria.
The following method should be adopted for the protection of dampness in floor:
Horizontal DPC :- All the brick walls should be covered with the horizontal DPC at the floor level.
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Damp Proofing With Limited Space
damp
Damp Roofing with Adequate Space
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Application sketch - roof water proofing
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Damp Proofing With Limited Space
damp
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