Septic Tank, It’s Principle and Guidelines

Septic tanks or soak pits are useful for disposal of waste in the areas or houses where public sewerage system is not applicable.

Public sewerage system is not laid at some places or in houses located in isolated areas which can not be connected with public sewer system economically. In this situation the waste of the house can be disposed off through individual disposal system such as septic tank or soak pit etc. Septic tank has limitations and will provide unsatisfactory quality of the effluent and also faces difficulty for providing proper disposal system of the effluent. The septic tank is recommended for small communities where population does not exceed 300.

Working Principle

Sewage and waste of the house come into septic tank and solid matters settle down at the bottom of the tank. Anaerobic Bacteria convert the sewage into liquid and gases during the process of digestion. In this way there is appreciable reduction in the volume of waste and it changes into semi solid condition, which is called sludge. It is necessary that septic tank is covered with water tight top roof slab. Septic tanks are generally constructed in brick masonry.

Guidelines for Septic Tank

Sufficient water is required for proper functioning of septic tank.
The waste containing detergent should be avoided in septic tank as it had adverse effect on anaerobic bacteria.
Septic tank should have minimum width of 0.75 meter and minimum depth of 1 meter below water level of the septic tank.
Length of the tank should be 2 to 4 times the width.
Every septic tank should be provided with ventilation pipe of at least 50 mm diameter.
Minimum free board above water level should be of 30 cm.
The floor of the tank should be of cement concrete 1:1.5:3 and has a minimum slope 1 in 10 provided towards the sludge outlet to facilitate de-sludging.
The inner surface of septic tank should be plastered with rich cement.
For efficient working of septic tank the sludge should be cleaned half yearly or yearly.

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Various Waste Water Pipes (Sewer Construction)

By providing a well managed system for waste water drainage we can enjoy a happy, healthy and pure life. Below is description about types of waste water pipes available in market.

Advantages of Kota Stone Flooring

Kota stone flooring is a subtle blend of grandeur and luxury giving the interior and exterior a gorgeous look.......

Orientation of Building

To get maximum ventilation and natural light in your house, make sure the building is properly oriented. Orientation of building saves energy and provides comfortable living as well. This article tells you about various factors and benefits of building orientation.

Kitchen Pictures

Preview some of the most impressive pictures of kitchen from GharExpert Gallery.

Types of Roofing

A solid roof on building is very important for everybody living in the house. The roof should be constructed in a way that assures you great safety. Here are given details about different types of roofing.

Door and Window Frames

Frames of doors and windows are most important parts of your doors and windows. They are available in different size, height, width and shapes. Frames hold locks and hinges and support door and windows to shut and open easily. Here is what you need to know about different doors and windows frames.

Type of Steel Bars

Different steel bars are recommended for their relative tensile stresses.Steel bars are major components of construction.Here is what you need to know about steel bars (Sariya).

Vastu and Brahmasthan

Brahmasthan is a powerful zone of the house. It should have open space for flow of energy in the house. The positive energy is very useful for living beings of the occupants of the house.

Brick Work

Brick work is an important part of construction work done with the help of bricks and cement mortar. It is done with different quality of bricks with different ratios of cement mortar according to the requirement.

Bathroom Shower Doors

Are you remodeling your bathroom? Bathroom shower doors make your bathroom a style icon. Read the following article that will help you select the bathroom shower door that will exactly suit your bathroom.

Vastu for Living Room

Living room or Drawing room should be located in east or north direction. The ideal location of a living room depends on plot facing.

Ratio of Cement and Sand for ‘Plastering’

Without knowing perfect mixture of cement and sand you can not achieve your goal.

Purchasing Guidelines for Cement

Manufacturing date, grade and type play vital role in purchasing right cement and there should be no lumps in it.

Bricks Quality

First Class Bricks must be homogeneous in texture without showing appreciable sign of efflorescence.

Which type of materials are required for drainage pipe fitting?

A coupler connects the two pipes to each other. If the material and size of the pipe are not the same,it is called a 'reducing coupler'.

Fine Sand /classification of sand

Fine sand should consist of natural sand or crushed stone sand. It should be hard, durable, clean and be free from organic matter etc. and should not contain any appreciable amount of clay balls and harmful impurities such as alkalis, salts, coal, decayed vegetation etc.

Various Types of Bricks

Bricks provides several choices for quality. Select a type according to your need.

What are the specifications of wooden cover fillets beading for ceiling?

The beading is of plain variety with square edges.

What are various designs of grills in windows?

Window Grills are required for the safety of homes. Window glasses should be well covered with grills. Here are various designs of grills which provide safety to window glasses.

Which Are Various Reasons of Cracks in Buildings?

Cracks can happen due to foundation movements and settlements of building, thermal movements, chemical reactions, elastic deformations and shrinkage etc. in buildings. They can damage plaster of walls, ceilings and destroy the beauty of the structure also. Let’s know their reasons in detail and get preventive measures.